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- <text>
- <title>
- Greenpeace Criticizes U.S. Waste Dumping in Asia
- </title>
- <article>
- <hdr>
- Foreign Broadcast Information Service, March 11, 1992
- Hong Kong & Macao: Greenpeace Criticizes U.S. Waste 'Dumping'
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>[By Kathy Griffin]
- </p>
- <p> [Text] Hong Kong is becoming a dumping ground for the United
- States' rubbish, according to the environmental group,
- Greenpeace.
- </p>
- <p> It said the U.S. exported more than half of its plastic
- waste to Hong Kong for recycling. Greenpeace said the waste was
- often too low-grade for U.S. recyclers or could not be recycled
- at all, meaning the host country had to dispose of it.
- </p>
- <p> The recycling processes could also be hazardous to workers
- and the environment, and traders were coming to Asia because of
- community opposition to recycling plants in the U.S., it said.
- </p>
- <p> Last December alone there were 150 shipments of U.S. plastic
- waste to the territory which were declared to the U.S. Customs
- Department, totalling, 3,425 tonnes and accounting for 52
- percent of all such exports.
- </p>
- <p> The Census and Statistics Department said that last year
- Hong Kong imported 425,000 tonnes of plastic waste worth more
- than $1.1 billion, and about half of it came from the U.S.
- </p>
- <p> The trade only recently came to light after the U.S.-based
- branch of Greenpeace began investigating it in the wake of
- several high-profile toxic waste shipments from the U.S. and
- Europe to developing countries.
- </p>
- <p> Hong Kong's Environmental Protection Department (EPD) said
- it only recently became aware of the problem after reviewing
- trade statistics.
- </p>
- <p> Mr Dick Rootham of the EPD's solid waste group said the
- department was looking into the trade, but hoped to introduce
- controls later this year on all waste imports into Hong Kong.
- </p>
- <p> "Although we can control trade in waste, one of the
- exceptions is when the material is re-used. (Waste for)
- recycling is one thing we'll be including in amendments to the
- Waste Disposal Ordinance," he said, although he could not say
- what those controls would be.
- </p>
- <p> About half of the imported plastic waste, which includes
- polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinylchloride and other plastic
- products, stays in Hong Kong and the rest is re-exported almost
- entirely to China.
- </p>
- <p> Hong Kong also exports plastic waste generated here--about
- 207,000 tonnes last year--mostly to China.
- </p>
- <p> Ms Ann Leonard is investigating the trade on behalf of
- Greenpeace's international waste trade project, and returned to
- Washington last week after visiting recycling factories in Hong
- Kong, China, the Philippines and Indonesia.
- </p>
- <p> "We're concerned about it because we don't want to add to
- disposal problems in other countries and also because recycling
- plastic is encouraging plastic production," she said.
- </p>
- <p> "It's duping the public because you can't bury plastic and
- you can't burn it, and just because it's recycled doesn't mean
- it's green or safe. The best thing to do is not to use so much
- plastic."
- </p>
- <p> The factories used the scrap to make such things as toys,
- shoe soles and rubber thongs, but in the process workers and
- the environment were endangered.
- </p>
- <p> For instance, in an Indonesian factory Ms Leonard saw
- children as young as six sorting through bags containing the
- residue of what appeared to be pesticides, and ending up covered
- in it. Pesticides can be toxic.
- </p>
- <p> The recycling process also emitted strong fumes and created
- contaminated waste water, and hot melted plastic splashed out
- of factory vats posing a danger to workers, she said.
- </p>
- <p> The trade also created waste disposal problems for host
- countries. An Indonesian factory manager told her that up to 40
- percent of the imported plastic was not suitable for recycling.
- </p>
- <p> The new directors of Friends of the Earth, Mr Peter Illig,
- said recycling was an industrial process and inevitably created
- emissions, and this had to be balanced against the benefit of
- re-using waste.
- </p>
- <p> "China probably imports it because it creates jobs and
- money. That's definitely one of the big motivating factors, but
- you need to make sure there's a balance between economic gain
- and environmental harm," he said.
- </p>
- <p> Ms Leonard said some Hong Kong operators recycled the
- plastic in the territory but many were believed to have
- re-located factories across the border to such places as
- Shenzhen, Huizhou, and Nam Kong. They mostly used the territory
- to store the waste en route to China.
- </p>
- <p> She was unable to pinpoint whether the imported plastic was
- industrial or consumer waste, but samples from the region's
- factories would be analysed in the U.S.
- </p>
- <p> Ms Leonard said 88 countries had banned waste imports,
- including many in Africa and Latin America but none in Asia.
- The Philippines claims to ban them, but U.S. shippers report
- sending plastic waste there.
- </p>
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-